Invasion of the Dinosaurs

Story Code: WWW / Season 11	UK Airdate: 12 Jan to 16 Feb 1974	Doctor: Jon Pertwee
First airings by location	UK Repeats / Foreign Cable and Satellite	Previous Story / Next Story

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• Although The Time Warrior was the last full story to be tele-recorded onto 16mm black and white film, at least the first and second episodes of WWW were also transferred to film.
• However, by August 1974, only six months after the serial had aired in the UK, it was not being offered to foreign broadcasters.

WHY? That is the 1974 dollar question...

CONSPIRACY THEORY: Where does one even begin? To make some sense of what happened with this serial, let's bullet-point the key events:

• 12 January to 16 February 1974: Invasion of the Dinosaurs airs on BBC TV.
• 15 January to 17 February 1974: Invasion of the Dinosaurs airs on BBC Cymru (Wales) TV.
• 1974: A BBC sales 'brochure' includes Invasion of the Dinosaurs as being available.
• 28 June 1974 and 10 July 1974: Tele-recordings are made of episode one (and possibly also episode two). (NOTE: It's not clear if these dates record tele-recordings negatives being made from the original tapes, or positive prints being run off from the negatives that were made during broadcast, which had been the practice at the time; the term tele-recording is often used to describe both negative original and print.)
• 26 July 1974: The NZBC (New Zealand) censors view Spearhead from Space in black and white as an audition to buying the series but in colour.
• 30 July 1974: The censors in Australia view and assess The Time Warrior (on b/w film).
• August 1974: BBC Enterprises confirms it has no interest in selling serial WWW overseas.
• 26 September 1974: The censors in Australia view and assess Death to the Daleks (on PAL video).
• 10 October 1974: The censors in Australia view and assess The Monster of Peladon (on PAL video).
• 13 December 1974: Death to the Daleks part one on PAL video tape is viewed by the NZBC (New Zealand) programme appraiser.
• 1975: A BBC sales 'brochure' includes Invasion of the Dinosaurs as being available.
• 24 November 1976: Pre-production on Whose Doctor Who. BBC Enterprises does not hold any tapes for Serial WWW.
• 28 February 1977: A memo is drawn up recording foreign sales of Doctor Who (See BBC Records). Invasion of the Dinosaurs is blank.
• 1978: When the newly-formed Film and Video Archive is established, PAL video-tapes of episodes two to six are found to be held after all.
• 1983: One of the 1974 tele-recordings of episode one is recovered early in 1983.

Right. That's the chain of (known) events. But what does it all mean? Given that the rest of season 11 was supplied to Australia less than six months after UK transmission, by which time WWW was not available, then WHATEVER IT WAS THAT HAPPENED happened sometime between 10 July 1974 (when part one was tele-recorded) and August 1974 (when Enterprises declared no further interest).

SO, WHAT DID HAPPEN?

• It has been suggested, but refuted, that the two 1974 tele-recordings were of poor quality. Maybe the reason why it was done twice was because the first did not pass the quality test. But did something happen to the original video tape of part one during this conversion process? Did the tape get mangled beyond repair after / during a third attempt to make a usable 16mm film copy?
• The BBC could have made tele-recordings of the remaining episodes and sold the serial in black and white only, but since very few countries were still buying any black and white material at that time might not have justified the cost.
• Producer Barry Letts has gone on record saying he was far from satisfied with the special visual effects; did he perhaps pull some clout and have the story withdrawn to prevent further embarrassment by selling less-than-satisfactory product to their colonial cousins?
• And what happened to the rest of the tapes between 1974 and 1978? It is thought that the ones found in 1978 had been returned from BBC Wales. But why did they not also return episode one?
• How did a longer early edit of part three survive? Where did that come from?
• And if the story was not available in any format, why was it included on two separate sales brochures? Or was this purely down to a clerical error?

Yes, it is all very confusing. And we may never find out the answer to this one.

But, okay, you've twisted our arms: for what it's worth, here's our take on this:

• The serial was broadcast, and as was standard at the time, the tele-recording negatives were made for BBC Enterprises during transmission.
• The original broadcast tapes of all six episodes are sent to Cardiff.
• BBC Enterprises starts the foreign sales process. They issue their 1974 sales catalogue, which includes all serials from season 11.
• For some reason, the 'as broadcast' tele-recording negative of episode one is unusable (was there perhaps a fault during transmission?).
• Cardiff sends the tape of part one back to London so a replacement negative can be made.
• On 28 June 1974, the first positive tele-recording print is made for BBC Enterprises' use.
• On 10 July a second tele-recording print is made for BBC Sydney, for the impending sale of the new season to Australia.
• Sometime after that, something happens to the tape of episode one – it goes missing; it gets damaged; it gets wiped accidentally...
• BBC Sydney and the ABC in Australia requests that all further episodes of Doctor Who be sent in colour.
• Serial WWW is now useless to BBC Enterprises, because they can't sell it as a colour story.
• August 1974. Enterprises issues a "Wipe" order; however it's certain tat no action was taken, as the 71 edit of part three, and the tapes held by Cardiff are retained.
• In 1975, BBC Enterprises' sales catalogue is amended to include the first Tom Baker series, but due to an oversight, Serial WWW is not marked as being NOT AVAILABLE.
• Sometime after November 1976 (when Whose Doctor Who was in production) and around the time that the Archive was established in 1978, BBC Cardiff returns its tapes of parts two to six to London...

Issue

• The story was finally released for foreign sale in 1984, when it was sold to Australia. It was also included in a package of all 24 Jon Pertwee stories sold to the United States in 1985.
• However, the black and white part one was not included; the story was offered as a five-parter only. The opening titles captions were also adjusted, so PART TWO was now "PART ONE", PART THREE became "PART TWO", and so on. Part Two was also edited slightly to remove all references to scenes from part one (such as the attack by the pterodactyl).
• The serial was sold to:

Australia	Nov 84	PAL
United States	from Mar 85	NTSC
New Zealand	Sep 86	PAL
Canada	1990s?	NTSC

• All six parts - the black and white first instalment included - were released in the 1990s - UK Gold aired it in July 1993, Australia screened all six in 1997, and New Zealand aired all six in January 2001.
• We suspect that one reason why part one was not available until the 1990s was: When the BBC released the serial in 1984 only stories that existed entirely in black and white or in colour were offered since many US broadcasters wanted to air omnibus versions, and having colour serials with parts in black and white were not as attractive. There were only two serials affected by this - Planet of the Daleks and Invasion of the Dinosaurs. Each was edited to "remove" their sole black and white episode. And since repeat fees had to be paid to the actors with speaking roles, with part one out of the equation, the BBC actually saved money by not having to pay repeat fees to the half dozen or so actors who appeared only in part one of serial WWW!
• Then, from 1993, by which time the seven years rights period had expired, the black and white first episode could finally be marketed under new repeats contracts.

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